Markers / Gene
FUT2
2 positions in this gene are readable from a home DNA test.
Secretor status
rs601338 · chr19:49,206,674 · G/A · evidence: established
FUT2 decides whether you put blood-group sugars into saliva, gut lining and other secretions. About a fifth of Europeans have two broken copies and are non-secretors, which changes which gut bacteria settle in and which stomach bugs can get a grip.
| If you carry | What it means |
|---|---|
| No copies | Secretor |
| One copy | Secretor |
| Two copies | Non-secretor |
| Ancestry group | A (the effect version) | |
|---|---|---|
| African | 49.1% | |
| American | 34.1% | |
| East Asian | 0.4% | |
| European | 44.1% | |
| South Asian | 28.3% |
1000 Genomes Project phase 3, via Ensembl, retrieved 2026-09-23. These groupings are coarse and flatten a great deal of internal diversity, particularly within Africa. A variant being common somewhere tells you where a piece of your ancestry probably comes from, and nothing else.
Vitamin B12 levels
rs602662 · chr19:49,206,985 · G/A · evidence: strong
The same FUT2 gene behind secretor status also shows up as the strongest common genetic influence on measured vitamin B12 in blood, probably through its effect on which bacteria live in the gut and on H. pylori infection.
| If you carry | What it means |
|---|---|
| No copies | You do not carry the higher-level version |
| One copy | One copy, so modestly higher B12 on a blood test |
| Two copies | Two copies, so the highest average B12 on a blood test |
| Ancestry group | A (the effect version) | |
|---|---|---|
| African | 49.2% | |
| American | 35.2% | |
| East Asian | 0.4% | |
| European | 46.8% | |
| South Asian | 28.3% |
1000 Genomes Project phase 3, via Ensembl, retrieved 2026-09-23. These groupings are coarse and flatten a great deal of internal diversity, particularly within Africa. A variant being common somewhere tells you where a piece of your ancestry probably comes from, and nothing else.
Where this gene fits
If you have taken a home DNA test, these positions are already in your file.
Read my file